Editorial

Sources

A journalist or agent should be able to see what a number rests on. Each source states what it measures, its coverage, known limitations, and when zFinia last reviewed it.

Methodology: /methodology

  • Coinbase x402 launch

    Measures
    Public announcement that x402 exists and how Coinbase framed the protocol.
    Coverage
    Vendor launch communication, May 2025.
    Limitations
    Not a settlement-volume series. Not an independent census of sellers.
    Freshness
    Point-in-time announcement.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • x402 seller documentation

    Measures
    Networks, facilitators and seller integration steps published by the protocol docs.
    Coverage
    Official seller quickstart; lists Base, Solana and facilitator split.
    Limitations
    Documentation can lag live facilitator behaviour. Listing a network is not observed volume.
    Freshness
    Reviewed against the public docs cited in the archive.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • x402 HTTP transport spec

    Measures
    How HTTP 402, payment-required headers and retries are specified.
    Coverage
    Protocol transport, not market activity.
    Limitations
    A spec is not evidence that buyers complete payments.
    Freshness
    Cited as of the archive publication date.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • Linux Foundation x402 Foundation launch

    Measures
    Operational governance and named premier members.
    Coverage
    14 July 2026 operational launch announcement.
    Limitations
    Membership is not settlement volume.
    Freshness
    Point-in-time official announcement.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • Stripe Machine Payments Protocol

    Measures
    Stripe’s public description of MPP, including overlap with x402 and agentic commerce.
    Coverage
    Official product/standards communication, 18 March 2026.
    Limitations
    Not a transaction series. Partnership language is not volume.
    Freshness
    Point-in-time announcement.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • Tempo mainnet

    Measures
    Public mainnet RPC and introduction of MPP co-authored with Stripe.
    Coverage
    Official Tempo communication, 18 March 2026.
    Limitations
    Network launch is not machine-economy spend.
    Freshness
    Point-in-time announcement.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • Anthropic Model Context Protocol

    Measures
    What MCP is for: tool listing and invocation.
    Coverage
    Primary protocol publication, 25 November 2024.
    Limitations
    MCP does not specify settlement.
    Freshness
    Point-in-time primary source.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • Cloudflare Monetization Gateway

    Measures
    Edge enforcement of x402 / paid MCP as a product category.
    Coverage
    Official Cloudflare blog, 1 July 2026.
    Limitations
    Waitlist and product language are not observed payment volume.
    Freshness
    Point-in-time announcement.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • Visa Intelligent Commerce

    Measures
    How Visa describes agent wallets and delegated card credentials.
    Coverage
    Visa Developer documentation.
    Limitations
    Documentation is not a volume series.
    Freshness
    Cited as of the archive publication date.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • PayAI facilitator

    Measures
    Public facilitator home listed alongside official x402 seller docs.
    Coverage
    Vendor site plus protocol-doc listing.
    Limitations
    A public homepage is not facilitation volume.
    Freshness
    Cited as of the archive publication date.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • zFinia observations

    Measures
    What this publication has actually seen, classified, and dated — including first-party interest where declared.
    Coverage
    Currently the public archive, protocol desk, and live teasers from api.zfinia.com. Not a global machine-economy census.
    Limitations
    Operator also sells machine-facing services. First-party commercial activity is never treated as market-wide spend. Private operating state is not a public statistic.
    Freshness
    Archive published 7 September 2026; live teasers revalidate about every five minutes.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026
  • zFinia machine API

    Measures
    Machine-readable newswire, AEO contract, learn catalog, and paid changes-since.
    Coverage
    Canonical machine product. Not a substitute for classified market volume.
    Limitations
    Paid routes and live x402 services are zFinia products. They are not a market index.
    Freshness
    Live.
    Last reviewed
    7 September 2026